Oil burner



March 24, 1936.

A. B. COREY OIL BURNER Filed May 16, 1933 sweets-snee@ 1f March 24,1936. A, B. GREY 2,035,114

OIL BURNER Filed May 176, 1933 3 sheets-snee: 2

A. B. COREY arch 24, 1936.

OIL BURNER Filed May 16, 1933 i 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOE czZm/y Garay (B3 A,

Patented Mar. 24, 1936 UNITED STATES ATENT omer:

3 Claims.

Another object of the invention is to supporty the movable parts of the apparatus entirely upon the motor shaft.

Another object of this invention is the provision of means whereby oil is projected from the nozzle in a thin sheet and the necessary air to support combustion is supplied beneath the sheet of oil and mixed therewith to produce aY flame a distance from the nozzle and as the fuel strikes the walls of the fire pot.

Av further object of the invention is to provide unique means for controlling any splash of the fuel oil caused by the operation of the apparatus.

A still further object of the invention is to provide simple and eifective means for controlling the amount of air entering the apparatus.

With these and other ends in view, this invention consists in the details of construction and combination of elements hereinafter set forth and then specifically designated by the claims.

In order that those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains may understand how to make and use the same, I will describe its construction in detail, referring by numerals to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, in which:--

Fig. l is a fragmentary top plan view of an oil burner constructed in accordance with my invention. n

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, with the motor and its shaft, as well as the oil supply pipe left in elevation.

Fig. 3 is a side elevationl of the top part of the body or casing.

Fig. 4 is a lower end view of the combination oil elevator and splash control device.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 6 is a section of the same on the line 6 9 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view of the air distributor.

Fig. 8 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the complete apparatus on a reduced scale illustrating a conventlonal installation in any suitable heating appliance. y v

In carrying out my invention as herein embodied, IB represents the lower part of the body or casing of the apparatus and is constructed to form an oil well and a portion ofthe air chamber. Said lower part of the body or casing includes a bottom wall I I and an upstanding flange I2 at or near the edge thereof, and also a frusto-conical central partition I3 so as to l0 provide an oil well I4. The entire apparatus may be supported in any suitable manner as by legs I5 connected with the bottom part ofthe Y casing.

The partition I3 is so constructed that an 15 opening I6 is provided at its top surrounded by a depending flange IIv having a beveled inner edge I8 which will cause any oil that may be splashed up the sides of the partition or has a tendency to creep up said partition, to be di- 20 rected back into the oil well.

On top of the bottom part of the casing is mounted the top part or cover I9 of said casing which also preferably has a frusta-conical top 20 and said cover I9 in combination with the 25 other parts forms an air chamber 2|. Said cover I9 is so fashioned that when mounted on the lower part of the casing air inlets 22 are provided substantially all the Way around the casing being interrupted only by lugs 23 which 30 position the cover I9 relative to the bottom part of the casing I0, and therefore maintain the outer surfaces of the side wall of the cover and the flange I2 flush with each other.

The air inlets 22 are controlled by a damper 35 24 in the form of a strap which surrounds either the side wall of the cover or the flange I2 for adjustment more or less across the air inlets 22v and whenever properly adjusted said damper may be held in place by a suitable securing 40 means 25, such as a bolt and nut, the formerY passing through ears 26 formed from the adjacent ends of .the strap from which said damper is produced.

Beneath thecasing is located a motor 21 pref- 45 erably supported by the apparatus on hangers 28 carried by the lower part of the casing. Said motor has a shaft 29 of two different diameters and the part of smaller diameter is at the outer or upper end., thereby forming a shoulder 30 and 50 said shaft projects through a hole 3| in the bottom wall II .of the casing, through both the oil well and the air chamber and projects some distance `above, the top of the cover I9 through the opening 32 therein. 55

An oil retaining sleeve 331 surrounds the lower part of the motor shaft and is mounted in the hole 3| as by threading the same into the hole or is .otherwise connected in the hole so that the interior of the sleeve communicates with the exterior of the oil burner casing through the bottom wall I| and by means of said hole 3|. It is to be understood that said oil retaining sleeve is spaced from the motor shaft and the upper end of said sleeve terminates just short .of the shoulder 39.

An oil elevator and splash control 34 includes a hollow body 35 providing a chamber 36 and said body is surrounded by one or more integral splash rings 31 each having a horizontal bottom surface and an inclined upper surface slanting downward from the outer surface of the body to the periphery of the ring. At the upper end of the body is a head 38 having a hole 39 therethrough on its axis and of a size to fit the upper portion of the shaft 29 so as to rest on the shoulder 30, thereby spacing the lower end of the body from the top surface of the bottom wall II.

Said head 38 is located in the opening |6 and surrounding said head at the extreme upper end is a flange 40 having a beveled edge 4|. In the combined oil elevator and splash control device are formed a plurality of oil ducts 42 which extend from the top surface .of the head 38 longitudinally through the head and body 35 to a location adjacent the lower end of the body from which location the lower ends of the ducts extend in an angular direction to the bottom face of the body as plainly shown at 43 in Fig. 6, and said angular lower ends of the ducts project forwardly in relation to the direction of rotation of the combined oil elevator and splash control device, whereby oil in the oil well will be elevated through the oil ducts by the velocity principle.

Ori the upper end of the motor shaft 29 and resting on the top of the combined oil elevator and splash control device is an air distributor 44 having the general outline of an arcuate flaring cup, the inner and outer surfaces of the side walls being substantially parallel and the shape of the interior surface of said air distributor will cause any oil entering the same to flow upward and outward due to centrifugal force and oil is permitted to enter the interior of said air distributor through holes 45 corresponding in number, size and location to the loil ducts 42 and said ducts and holes 45 must align.

About the outside of the air distributor at its upper end are any suitable number of ns 46 which project from the outer curved and flaring surface of the air distributor and said ns are partially located in the opening 32 although the major portions thereof extend outside of the casing of the apparatus through said opening.

A spacing sleeve 41 is mounted to surround the upper end of the motor shaft 29 with one end resting on the bottom wall of the air distributor and the other end projecting slightly above the upper end or top of said air distributor. Also mounted on the motor shaft 29, and resting on the upper end of the spacing sleeve 41 is a disc cap 48 which will be held in place by suitable securing means 49, such as a nut, having threaded engagement with the eXtreme upper end of the motor shaft and the pressure of the nut on the disc cap will force the spacing sleeve 41 against the bottom of the air distributor to snugly hold it against the top end of the combined oil elevator and splash control device 34, thereby forcing the latter against the shoulder 30 on the motor shaft.

To positively prevent rotation of the air distributor relative to the combined yoil elevator and the splash controlling device, dowels may be inserted in holes 50 in the bottom of the air distributor and similar holes in the top of the combined oil elevator and splash controlling device.

When the parts are assembled as shown in Fig. 2, the disc cap 48 will be spaced from and slightly above the upper end of the air distributor and said cap is of slightly greater diameter than the upper end of the air distributor including the ns 46, thereby forming an outlet for the oil. The air .which is directed outward beneath the sheet of oil by means of the ns 46 strikes against the projecting edge of the cap 48 causing a syphonic action which thoroughly atomizes the oil and due t0 the highvelocity of both, the air and oil mixture will be distributed to locations quite remote from the apparatus.

A conventional installation is illustrated in Fig. 9, wherein 5| represents any suitable heating appliance provided with supports 52 which may be the usual grate supporting means, and on said supports is mounted a panel 53 of sheet metal having a hole therethrough for the projection of a portion of the upper part I9 of the casing and component or cooperating parts. On top of the panel can be mounted a covering 55 of asbestos or other suitable material and the outer edge of said covering may be fashioned so that its inner surface functions as a part of the side walls of the heating appliance or a continuation thereof.

An oil feed pipe 56 leads from any suitable source of oil supply into the bottom of the loil well I4 through the bottom wall I I.

Any suitable ignition means 51 may be used for igniting the fuel projected from the apparatus and for convenience of illustration I have shown said ignition means as comprising a gas pipe 58 leading from a suitable source of supply to the interior of the heating appliance, a-nd adjacent the outlet end of said gas pipe is an electrically operated spark producing unit 59 so that when necessary a spark will be produced and a supply of gas caused to enter the heating appliance and thereby provide a flame which will ignite the fuel projected from the apparatus.

During the operation of the oil burner, oil is fed through the supply pipe 56 to the oil well |4 and air is admitted to the air chamber 2| through the air inlets 22. 'I'he operation of the motor 21 will rotate the parts connected with the motor shaft and due to the velocity of rotation .oil will be scooped up by the angular ends 43 of the oil ducts 42 and elevated through said oil ducts and the holes 45 into the interior of the air distributor 44. The centrifugal force created by the whirling of the air distributor will cause the oil to travel upward along the arcuate flared inner surface of the air distributor from the top of which it will be directed outward by the disc top 48 in a thin atomized sheet or film.

Simultaneously the air distributing fins 46 will propel a supply of air from the air chamber 2| through the spaces between said fins and the arcuate flared outer surface of the air distributor 44 and the edge of the top part of the casing which forms the opening 32, outward beneath the sheet or film of atomized oil so as to carry said oil and provide the necessary oxygen for combustion purposes.

This mixture forming a fuel and being lit at or near the walls of the heating appliance will support a flame at or in the region of the locality where the fuel impinges against the walls of said heating appliance, and in actual practice this is the only place where combustion is actually supported or where it might be said that the fuel bursts into flame.

The rotation of the combined oil elevator and splash control device in the oil well tends to agitate the oil in said well and under some conditions will splash the same about within the well, and if that part of the oil which is splashed upwardly strikes against the under sides of the rings 31 it will be deflected downward, but should any of the splashed oil lodge on top of the rings it will run downward or be thrown off into the bottom of the well. Also any splashing that causes the oil to reach the top of the conical oil well so that any tendency for a column of oil to build up in the chamber 35 between the wall of the body 35 and the oil retaining sleeve 33 will be reduced or the oil in said chamber actually returned to the well, thereby overcoming the necessity of using the usualpacking, packing glands or equivalent means for preventing leakage of oil about the motor shaft where the latter passes through the casing. The elimination of packing reduces friction to a minimum and since the only bearings for the motor shaft are within the motor itself, all other friction producing means are eliminated.

Of course I do not wish to be limited to the exact details of construction herein shown and described as these may be varied within the limits of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and useful isz- 1. In an oil burner, a casing providing an oil well and a surrounding air chamber, the latter having air inlets leading thereto, means to supply oil to the oil well, a motor located beneath the casing and having a shaft projecting upwardly completely through said casing, a combined oil elevator and splash control device carried by the motor shaft and located within the oil well with a portion thereof projecting above said oil well into the air chamber, an arcuate flared cupshaped air distributor connected with the oil elevator for rotation therewith and into which oil is forced by said oil elevator and then moved upward along the interior of the air distributor by centrifugal force, a disc top supported above the air distributor to direct the oil outward in a thin lm or sheet, and. ns located about the outside of the upper end of the air distributor for forcing currents of air outward beneath the oil lm.

2. An oil burner comprising a casing, including an oil well and an air chamber in communication therewith, means for supplying the oil well with oil and the air chamber having passageways to permit air to enter said chamber, a motor suspended beneath the casing and including a motor shaft projecting through said casing, means mounted on said shaft to feed oil from the well and air from the air chamber which will create a suction action in the air chamber, and means surrounding the lower part of the motor shaft to form an air passageway about said lower part of the shaft in communication with the exterior of said casing and the oil well whereby the suction action will tend to prevent the leakage of oil about said motor shaft.

3. In combination, a casing including upper and lower parts, the former being mounted on the latter with air spaces between them, a frustoconical partition formed with the lower part of the casing dividing the casing into an oil well and an air chamber, the chamber being disposed about and above the oil well, said partition having an opening at the top, a depending iiange at the top of said partition surrounding said opening and having a beveled lower edge, a motor suspended beneath the casing and carried by the lower part thereof, said motor having a shaft projecting through the casing, a combined oil elevator and splash control device including a hollow body and a head with a iiang'e projecting therefrom at the uppermost part thereof, said f device being mounted on the motor shaft with the lower end of the body spaced a distance above the bottom of the oil well and with the flange above the upper end of the partition, splash rings formed on the body and surrounding the same with the lower faces horizontal and the upper cated mostly in the air chamber and extending out through an opening in the top part of the casing, and radial fins on the outside of the distribut/or at the upper end thereof.

ANTHONY B. COREY. 

